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This syntax can be generalized Whenever one class inherits another, the base class name follows the name of the derived class, separated by a colon In C#, the syntax for inheriting a class is remarkably simple and easy to use Because Triangle includes all of the members of its base class, TwoDShape, it can access Width and Height inside Area( ) Also, inside Main( ), objects t1 and t2 can refer to Width and Height directly, as if they were part of Triangle Figure 11-1 depicts conceptually how TwoDShape is incorporated into Triangle Even though TwoDShape is a base for Triangle, it is also a completely independent, stand-alone class Being a base class for a derived class does not mean that the base class cannot be used by itself For example, the following is perfectly valid:

Figure 43 shows a plot of these curves If we compare this acceleration curve with the lower order 3-4-5 polynomial, we see larger maximum acceleration and larger maximum jerk values This indicates a possible inferiority to the 3-4-5 polynomial A zero value of jerk is not required since manufacturing limits generally cannot meet this control Next, let s compare the physical signi cance of the 4-5-6-7 polynomial Table 42 shows the dynamic comparison with the 3-4-5 polynomial, basic simple harmonic, and cycloidal curves The physical meaning of this controlled acceleration is best depicted by large-scale plotting of the curves Figure 44 compares these curves with an expanded view of the end points The data is based on 2 percent of follower rise and 14 percent of cam rotation Further control of fourth and higher derivatives raises the maximum acceleration and also the time consumed for the initial and nal displacement of the cam, and manufacturing limits are often demanded

TwoDShape shape = new TwoDShape(); shapeWidth = 10; shapeHeight = 20; shapeShowDim();

Examples: IsDate([Country]) returns false (0) IsDate([Invoice Date]) returns true (1) IsDate(LastExecutionDate()) returns true (1) IsDate([Year]) returns false (0) where [Year]="FY1998"

Of course, an object of TwoDShape has no knowledge of or access to any classes derived from TwoDShape

TABLE 42 Pro le Harmonic 3-4-5 Cycloidal 4-5-6-7

FIGURE 11-1

NOTE The IsDate function is used to determine if the data type of an object is of a date type or not

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a runtime error will result because there is no implicit conversion defined from int (which is the runtime type of val in this case) to bool Therefore, even though this line will compile without error, it will result in a runtime error Before leaving this example, try a short experiment Change the type of str and val to object, and then try recompiling As you will see, compile-time errors result This is because object does not support the actions that are performed on the variables, and this is caught during compilation This is the primary difference between object and dynamic Even though both can be used to refer to any other type of object, only those actions supported by object can be used on a variable of type object By using dynamic, you can specify whatever action you like as long as that action is supported by the actual object being referred to at runtime To see how dynamic can simplify certain tasks, we will work through a simple example that uses it with reflection As explained in 17, one way to invoke a method on an object of a class that was obtained at runtime via reflection is to call the Invoke( ) method Although this works, it would be more convenient to invoke that method by name in cases in which the method name is known For example, you might have a situation in which you know that a certain assembly contains a specific class, which supports methods whose names and actions are known However, because this assembly is subject to change, you always want to make sure that you are using the latest version One way to accomplish this is to use reflection to examine the assembly, construct an object of the class, and then invoke the methods defined by the class By using dynamic, you can now invoke those methods by name (since the names are known) rather than through the Invoke( ) method To begin, put the following code in a file called MyClasscs This is the code that will be dynamically loaded via reflection.

The successive derivative control for the DRD cam action can be generalized y = Cpq p + Cqq q + Crq r + Csq s which can be shown (Stoddart, 1953) having the boundary control conditions equal to zero at the endpoints Cp = Cq = Cr = C0 qrs ( q - p)( r - p)( s - p) C0 prs ( p - q )( r - q )( s - q ) C0 pqs ( p - r )( q - r )( s - r )